One of the key words in the definition of relationship is "connection." Problems can occur in relationships when the connections are flawed or non-existent, or when there is a difference in expectations for the parties involved. This is true for couples and families.

Some of the frequent issues that arise in relationships involve poor communication and conflict resolution skills; the counselor can assist in these areas by helping clients develop the ability to listen. Frequently, the people involved don't truly "hear" each other; therefore, they can't fully understand or empathize with the other person's point of view or feelings. In other words, there is a "disconnection."

Some of the core activities in relationship counseling involve identifying problem areas and helping the parties involved develop treatment goals -- in other words, what they hope to accomplish in therapy. The counselor designs strategies for reaching these goals and may also function as a "shoulder to cry on," teacher, and coach.